Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Ocimum sanctum and Coleus amboinicus in Experimental Model of Depression

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant effects of a combination of Ocimum sanctum and Coleus amboinicus leaf extracts compared to amitriptyline using the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST) in mice.

Background: Depression is a common mental health disorder marked by persistent sadness and loss of interest. While effective, current antidepressants like amitriptyline often cause side effects, leading to interest in natural alternatives. Ocimum sanctum and Coleus amboinicus have traditionally been used for their therapeutic, potentially antidepressant, properties.

Methods: The study involved male mice, divided into groups receiving either a combination of Ocimum sanctum and Coleus amboinicus extracts at varying doses, amitriptyline, or a control. Antidepressant activity was assessed using the TST and FST, with decreased immobility time indicating antidepressant effects.

Results: The combination of Ocimum sanctum and Coleus amboinicus extracts significantly reduced immobility in the TST and FST, showing a dose-dependent antidepressant effect. At higher doses, it was comparable to amitriptyline, suggesting the extracts act through monoaminergic systems in the brain.

Conclusion: The combination of Ocimum sanctum and Coleus amboinicus extracts showed significant antidepressant activity, comparable to amitriptyline, in preclinical models. These findings suggest potential for use as alternative or complementary therapies for depression, with further research needed to confirm efficacy and safety in humans.