Nilotinib-Induced Thromboembolic Events: A Case Study

Nilotinib has significantly improved the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) by offering enhanced efficacy and tolerability. However, studies have revealed a concerning link between nilotinib and an increased risk of thromboembolic events, even compared to other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This case report presents a forty-four-year-old male with CML treated with nilotinib, who developed dyslipidemia and multiple arterial occlusive events, including renal thrombosis and carotid artery atheroma. The potential mechanisms underlying nilotinib-induced thromboembolic events are endothelial cell dysfunction, altered lipid metabolism, and pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic effects. Identifying preexisting cardiovascular risks and implementing proactive measures may aid in reducing the occurrence of thromboembolic events in high-risk patients treated with nilotinib.